The exact cause of fibroids is unknown. Their growth has been linked to the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. Studies have found that women who start their periods at a younger age are more likely to develop fibroids. Although taking female hormones is linked to fibroids, the use of birth control pills is not.

Many women have uterine fibroids but don’t have symptoms. Those probably don’t need any treatment.

If you do need a procedure, there are a few different options that you and your doctor can talk about. Most of these techniques can

be done by laparoscopy, which means your doctor makes small cuts instead of one big one. You have less pain and a shorter recovery time.

This is a procedure when an egg is removed using a special needle and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory.  The resulting embryos are transferred to the uterus.

Modern medicine uses classical in vitro fertilization (IVF – in vitro fertilization) and microinjections (ICSI – intracytoplasmic sperm injection)

The only difference between IVF and microinjection is the fertilization method.  Microinjection (ICSI) is one of the latest advances in assisted reproductive technologies.  Thanks to this method, spermatozoа can enter the egg directly.  With the advent of ICSI, possibilities of treating infertility caused by male problems have increased significantly and new horizons have opened up.

Vaginoplasty is a procedure that aims to “tighten up” a vagina that’s become slack or loose from vaginal childbirth or aging.

Some surgeons claim it can even improve sensitivity — a claim the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has strongly challenged. 

While it’s true that vaginal tissues can stretch, surgically tightening the vaginal tissue in itself cannot guarantee a heightened sexual response, since desire, arousal, and orgasm are complex, highly personal responses, conditioned as much by emotional, spiritual, and interpersonal factors as aesthetic ones. In addition, sexual “sensitivity” doesn’t automatically lead to more pleasure – it can actually lead to pain. 

Labiaplasty, plastic surgery on the labia (the “lips” surrounding the vagina), can be performed alone or with vaginoplasty. Surgery can be performed on the labia major (the larger, outer vaginal lips), or the labia minor (the smaller, inner vaginal lips). Labiaplasty changes the size or shape of the labia, typically making them smaller or correcting an asymmetry between them.

A hysterectomy is an operation to remove the uterus. This surgery may be done for different reasons.

Hysterectomy for noncancerous reasons is usually considered only after all other treatment approaches have been tried without success.

Depending on the reason for the hysterectomy, a surgeon may choose to remove all or only part of the uterus.

Surgeons use different approaches for hysterectomy, depending on the surgeon’s experience, the reason for the hysterectomy, and the patient’s overall health. The hysterectomy technique will partly determine healing time and the kind of scar, if any, that remains after the operation.

There are two approaches to surgery: a traditional or open surgery and surgery using a minimally invasive procedure or MIP.